Formula Used
Monthly payment = P × [r(1 + r)^n] ÷ [(1 + r)^n − 1]
P = principal, r = periodic interest rate, n = number of payments.
How the formula is applied
The calculation links Current Balance ($), Annual Interest Rate (%) and Minimum Payment (%) to total interest paid. Each payment first covers modeled interest; only the remainder reduces the balance. A payment that fails to cover interest cannot produce the intended payoff.